If a=2012, b=2011, c=2010 then value of a²+ b²+ c² - ab - bc - ca
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1
Answer:
3
Step-by-step explanation:
a²+ b²+ c² - ab - bc - ca
= a²+ b²+ c² + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca - 3(ab + bc + ca)
= (a² + 2ab + b²) +2c(a + b) + c² - 3(ab + bc + ca)
= (a+ b+ c)² - 3(ab + bc + ca)
= (2012+2011+2010)² - 3(2012×2011 + 2011×2010 + 2010×2012)
= 3
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