Question

If a person has an autoimmune disease, what happened with immune system?
c) Immune system increase synthesis of T-cells
b) Immune system increase synthesis of B-cells
d) Immune system fails to identify self antigen
a) Immune system increase synthesis of plasma cells​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Adaptive immune responses are initiated by the activation of antigen-specific T cells, and it is believed that autoimmunity is initiated in the same way. T-cell responses to self antigens can inflict tissue damage either directly or indirectly. Cytotoxic T-cell responses and inappropriate activation of macrophages by TH1 cells can cause extensive tissue damage, whereas inappropriate T-cell help to self-reactive B cells can initiate harmful autoantibody responses. Autoimmune responses are a natural consequence of the open repertoires of both B-cell and T-cell receptors, which allow them to recognize any pathogen. Although these repertoires are purged of most receptors that bind with high affinity to self antigens encountered during development, they still include receptors of lower affinity reactive to some self antigens. It is not known what triggers autoimmunity, but both environmental and genetic factors, especially MHC genotype, are clearly important. Transient autoimmune responses are common, but it is only when they are sustained and cause lasting tissue damage that they attract medical attention. In this section, we will examine the nature of autoimmune responses and how autoimmunity leads to tissue damage. In the last section of this chapter, we will examine the mechanisms by which self-tolerance is lost and autoimmune responses are initiated.