IF ACTION AND REACTION FORCES ARE EQUAL HOW DOES A HORSE IS ABLE TO PULL A CART
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According to Newton's Third law of motion, every action, there is always an equal (in magnitude) and opposite (in direction) reaction.
In case of horse cart, The horse pushes the ground with it's foot in the backward direction by pressing the ground. As a result of this force of action ( i.e. backward push ), the ground pushes the horse in forward direction
According to Newton's third law of motion , The Ground pushes the horse in forward direction. Thus, the horse moves in a forward direction . As the cart is attached to the horse , the cart too moves in the forward direction.
Hence, The horse pulls the cart .
( See the Diagram )
===================
Let FH = Force exerted by Horse on Cart.
FC = Force exerted by cart on Horse.
FH & FC form Action-Reaction pair of forces.
FG = Force of ground on the horse.
In Addition, there is a Frictional Force, " f " that acts on the cart.
The Cart accelerates Because,
F = FH - f , due to this unbalanced force acting on it.
The Cart begins to move as soon as
FH > f
Let F' = net force acting on the horse
F' = FG - FC
The horse will accelerate due to this unbalanced force. Although, the cart is pulling the horse backward, the ground exerts a forward force on the horse. Hence, it accelerates.
The Action-Reaction pair, FC and FH do not cancel out, as they act on two different bodies.
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In case of horse cart, The horse pushes the ground with it's foot in the backward direction by pressing the ground. As a result of this force of action ( i.e. backward push ), the ground pushes the horse in forward direction
According to Newton's third law of motion , The Ground pushes the horse in forward direction. Thus, the horse moves in a forward direction . As the cart is attached to the horse , the cart too moves in the forward direction.
Hence, The horse pulls the cart .
( See the Diagram )
===================
Let FH = Force exerted by Horse on Cart.
FC = Force exerted by cart on Horse.
FH & FC form Action-Reaction pair of forces.
FG = Force of ground on the horse.
In Addition, there is a Frictional Force, " f " that acts on the cart.
The Cart accelerates Because,
F = FH - f , due to this unbalanced force acting on it.
The Cart begins to move as soon as
FH > f
Let F' = net force acting on the horse
F' = FG - FC
The horse will accelerate due to this unbalanced force. Although, the cart is pulling the horse backward, the ground exerts a forward force on the horse. Hence, it accelerates.
The Action-Reaction pair, FC and FH do not cancel out, as they act on two different bodies.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In case of any difficulty, do get back to us :)
Cheers !
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When the horse walks in the forward direction (with the cart attached to it), it exerts a force in the backward direction on the Earth. An equal force in the opposite direction (forward direction) is applied on the horse by the Earth. This force moves the horse and the cart forward.
The velocity at which the horse can move by applying a force on the earth depends on the mass of the horse (and the cart attached to it). The heavier the cart, the slower the motion of the horse (for a given amount of force applied by the horse on the Earth). If the cart is too heavy, the force exerted by the horse on the Earth will be insufficient to even overcome the force of inertia. In this case, the horse will not be able to pull the cart.
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