if kinetic energy is sufficient to overcome the force of attraction then why latent heat is required
Answers
Answer:
during phase change, the energy supplied is used only to separate the molecules ; no part of it is used to increase the kinetic energy of the molecules. So its temperature will not rise, since kinetic energy of molecules remains the same.
Answer:
In solids, the molecules are very close together and the attraction between the molecules are great. This causes a substance to have a structure in which the molecules have little freedom to move, as you would see in the case of ice. In the case of a liquid, the molecules are closely spaced, though not as closely spaced as a solid, they have more freedom to move and the intermolecular forces are weaker that that of a solid. Thus a liquid can flow, unlike a solid. Now in a gas, the molecules are sufficiently far apart that there are little to no attractive forces. Because of this a gas can easily be compressed and take the shape of the container.
Now as you heat a solid turning it into a liquid, you increase the kinetic energy of its molecules, moving them further apart until the forces of attraction are reduced to allow it to flow freely. Keep in mind the forces of attraction still exists. Now as you heat a liquid, turning it into a gas, the kinetic energy of the molecules are increased to a point where there are no forces of attraction between the molecules.
The energy required to completely separate the molecules, moving from liquid to gas, is much greater than if you were just to reduce their separation, solid to liquid. Hence the reason why the latent heat of vapourization is greater that the latent heat of fusion.
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