Question

If the distance between two chlorine atoms in Cl 2 molecule is 1.98A ^ 0 Then the radius of chlorine atom is​

Answer 1

Answer:

The experimental internuclear distance in Cl2 molecule is 1.98 Å. The covalent radius of chlorine is calculated as below.

The formation of covalent bond involves the overlapping of atomic orbitals and it reduces the expected internuclear distance. Therefore covalent radius is always shorter than the actual atomic radius.

The covalent radius of individual atom can also be calculated using the internuclear distance (dA-B) between two different atoms A and B. The simplest method proposed by Schomaker and Stevenson is as follows.

dA-B = rA + rB - 0.09 (χA-χB)

where χA and χB are the electronegativities of A and B respectively  in Pauling units

Here χA χB and radius is in Å.

Let us calculate the covalent radius of hydrogen using the experimental d value is 1.28 Å and the covalent radius of chlorine is 0.99 Å. In pauling scale the electronegativity of chlorine and hydrogen are 3 and 2.1 respectively.

dH-Cl = rH + rCl - 0.09 ( χCl - χH)

1.28 = rH + 0.09 - 0.09 (3 - 2.1)

1.28 = rH + 0.09 - 0.09 (0.9)

1.28 = rH + 0.09 - 0.081

1.28 = rH + 0.909

∴ rH = 1.28 - 0.909 = 0.317 Å

Metallic radius

It is defined as one-half of the distance between two adjacent metal atoms in the closely packed metallic crystal lattice.

For example, the distance between the adjacent copper atoms in solid copper is 2.56 Å and therefore the metallic radius of copper is

The metallic radius can be calculated using the unit cell length of the metallic crystal. You will study the detailed calculation procedure in XII standard solid state unit.

 

Periodic Trends in Atomic Radius

Explanation:

Answer 2

$\large\bf{\underline\orange{Answer \:↝}}$

If the distance between two chlorine atoms in Cl 2 molecule is 1.98A ^ 0 Then the radius of chlorine atom is 0.99.