Question

if you have stay on level test tube containing ethanol ethanoic acid and soap solution explain method you would used to identify the compounds in different test used by chemical test using Litmus Paper and sodium metal

Answer 1

(1) Using litmus papers
➡ Ethanol :- Color of both of the litmus paper remains unchanged.
➡ Ethanoic acid :- Blue litmus turns red as it is an acid.
➡ Soap solution :- Red litmus turns blue as it is a base
(2) By their reaction with sodium metal
➡ Ethanol :- Sodium ethoxide will be formed with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
i.e.,
C H OH + Na(Dry) → C H ONa + H ↑
➡ Ethanoic acid :- Sodium acetate will be formed with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
i.e.,
CH COOH + Na → CH COONa + H ↑
➡ Soap solution :- As soaps are the sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids, So they react with Na metal rarely.

Answer 2

Blue litmus paper turns red when in contact with acid. So ethanoic acid will turn the blue litmus paper red.

​Red litmus paper turns blue when in contact with base. So soap solution will turn the red litmus paper blue.

Ethanol when reacted with sodium metal gives off hydrogen gas bubbles that confirms its presence.

Ethanoic acid will turn blue litmus to red

Ethanoic will liberate H2 gas with Na  

Soap solution will turn red litmus to blue

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