Igneous rocks definition formation types of igneous rocks
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Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
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Igneous rocks form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies.
The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.
The two main categories of igneous rocks are extrusive and intrusive.
- Extrusive rocks are formed on the surface of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from underground.
- Intrusive rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet
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