Question

II. Each of the following questions are of 3 marks and have to be answered in about 80 words

1. Give reasons as to why was the National Assembly formed by the people of the third estate ?

2. How did the peasants protest against the feudal lords or nobles of France ?

3. How did France become a Constitutional Monarcy ?

4. Explain any three features of the Constitution of France drafted in 1791.

5. What is the significance of the Tennis Court Oath in the French Revolution?

6. Name the leader of Jacobins. Who were the members of the Jacobin Club ?

7. Which period is known as Reign of Terror and why?​
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Answer 1

1. Developed by the delegates of the Third Estate, the National Assembly was a rebellious association. The assembly was formed by the people of the third estate because they wanted to raise their voices for discrimination, to end the system of feudalism and to form their own party for their rights.
2. Being afraid of the situation, peasants in several districts seized hoes and pitchforks and attacked Chateaux (castles belonging to the noblemen). They looted the hoarded grain. They also burnt down documents containing records of the manorial dues.
3. France became a constitutional monarchy after the National Assembly completed the draft of the constitution in 1791 with the objective of reducing the powers of the monarch. Powers were separated and assigned to different institutions like the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
4. 1) It limited the power of the monarch. 2)The division of powers between legislative, executive, and judiciary was made. 3)The third estate people also could hold positions in the assembly. 4)The division of different people into states was no longer followed.
5. The Tennis Court Oath was significant because it showed the growing unrest against Louis XVI and laid the foundation for later events, including the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and the storming of the Bastille.
6. Jacob in

French: Club des JacobinsSeal of the Jacobin Club (1792–1794)Official language FrenchPresident Antoine Barnave (first) Maximilien Robespierre (last)Key people Brissot, Robespierre, Duport, Marat, Desmoulins, Mirabeau, Danton, Billaud-Varenne, Barras, Collot d'Herbois, Saint-Just

7. The period from 1793 to 1794 was referred to as the 'Reign of Terror' because of the following reasons: Maximilian Robespierre followed a policy of severe control and punishment. Any person who did not agree with his policies was guillotined.