II. Short Answer Questions.
1. Differentiate between:
a. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
b. Multicellular and Unicellular organisms
2. Draw a well-labelled diagram of a typical
cell.
3. Write short notes on:
a. Plastids b. Centrosomes
a. Plastids b. Centrosomes c. Cell membrane
4. Briefly explain about the nucleus.
5. What are the different shapes of cells? Explain
with examples.
6. Why is cell division important?
III. Long Answer Questions.
1. With the help of a neat and well-labelled
diagram, differentiate between plant and
animal cells.
2. Who proposed the cell theory?
What are its postulates?
3. How did Robert Hooke discover cells?
4. Explain the process of cell division.
5. List all the cell organelles and describe their
functions.
6. Why are lysosomes called the suicidal bags of
the cell?
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Answers
Answer:
1. a.The primary distinction between these two types of organisms is that eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not. ... The nucleus is only one of many membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, have no membrane-bound organelles.
b.Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism, while multicellular organisms use many different cells to function. ... Multicellular organisms are composed of more than one cell, with groups of cells differentiating to take on specialized functions.
2.answer to 2nd question is on the attachment.
3. a.Plastids are the site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cells of autotrophic eukaryotes. They often contain pigments used in photosynthesis, and the types of pigments in a plastid determine the cell's color.
b.Centrosomes are organelles which serve as the main microtubule organizing centers for animal cells. Centrosomes are made of from arrangement of two barrel-shaped clusters of microtubules, called “centrioles,” and a complex of proteins that help additional microtubules to form.
c.The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a double layer of lipids and proteins that surrounds a cell. It separates the cytoplasm (the contents of the cell) from the external environment.
4.The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes
5.The most common cell morphologies are cocci (spherical) and bacilli (rods). Coccibacillus are a mix of both, while vibrio are shaped like a comma, spirilla are shaped like a helix (a spiral, sort of like a stretched-out Slinky), and spirochetes are twisted like a screw.
Explanation:
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