Question

II. Short Answer Questions
1. What is a volcano? Give one example,
2. What is the difference between magma and lava?
3. Give one example each of an active volcano and a dormant volcano,
4. What is the difference between dormant volcano and an extinct volcano?
5. What is the magma chamber of a volcano? State the products erupted by a volcano.
6. Name two types of landforms made by volcanoes. Give an example of each type.
7. What is the Pacific Ring of Fire? Why is it so called?​

Answer 1

Answer:

1:A volcano is an opening in the earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gases escape.An example of a volcano is Mount St. Helens in Washington state in the U.S.

2:Scientists use the term magma for molten rock that is underground and lava for molten rock that breaks through the Earth's surface.

3:Active → Active volcanoes erupt regularly examples of active volcanoes are Kīlauea in Hawaii, Mount Etna in Italy and Mount Stromboli also in Italy which has been erupting almost constantly for the last 2000 years.

Dormant → Dormant volcanoes are volcanoes that have not erupted in a long time but are expected to erupt again in the future. Examples of dormant volcanoes are Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Africa and Mount Fuji in Japan.

4:Dormant → Dormant volcanoes are volcanoes that have not erupted in a long time but are expected to erupt again in the future. Examples of dormant volcanoes are Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Africa and Mount Fuji in Japan.

Extinct → Extinct volcanoes are those which have not erupted in human history. Examples of extinct volcanoes are Mount Thielsen in Oregon in the US and Mount Slemish in Co. Antrim.

5:Magma chamber → Magma from the Earth’s mantle collects in a large underground pool. The magma in a magma chamber is under great pressure trying to force its way upward to the surface.

Answer 2

The answers to the questions are given below:-

1. During volcanic eruptions, lava, ash, and gases escape through openings in the earth's crust. Mount St. Helens, located in Washington state, U.S., is an example of a volcano.
2. Magma refers to molten rock underground, whereas lava refers to molten rock that breaks through the surface of the Earth.
3. Volcanoes that are active erupt regularly such as Kilauea in Hawaii, Mount Etna in Italy and Mount Stromboli in Italy, which has been erupting almost continuously for 2000 years.
4. Volcanoes that haven't erupted in a long time but are expected to erupt again in the future are considered dormant. Mountain Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Africa, and Mount Fuji, Japan, are examples of dormant volcanoes.                                                                         An extinct volcano is one that has never erupted in the history of humanity. The Oregon volcano Thielsen and the Antrim volcano Slemish are examples of extinct volcanoes.
5. There is an underground pool that collects magma from the Earth's mantle. There is great pressure on magma in a magma chamber as it attempts to force its way to the surface.
6. The landforms made by volcanoes are intrusive and extrusive landforms.                                                                                     intrusive landform - lava cooling inside the volcano.                extrusive landform - igneous rocks.
7. As a region of active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes, the Ring of Fire is also known as the Circum-Pacific Belt. Earth's Ring of Fire is largely responsible for volcanoes and earthquakes.

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