II. Short Answer Questions
1. What is called an earthquake? Give one recent example of an earthquake.
2. State two natural causes of an earthquake.
3. Name two man-made causes of an earthquake. Give one example,
4. What are known as seismic focus and epicentre with respect to an earthquake?
5. What is known as Richter scale? State its uses.
6. How are earthquakes useful?
7. Give any two destructive effects of earthquakes.
8. What is a Tsunami? Give one recent example of a place struck by a tsunami.
9. How do Japanese predict earthquakes?
10. Name the two belts where most of the earthquakes occur.
Answers
Answer:
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent enough to propel objects and people into the air, and wreak destruction across entire cities. The seismicity, or seismic activity, of an area is the frequency, type, and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time. The word tremor is also used for non-earthquake seismic rumbling.
2.Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy within some limited region of the rocks of the Earth. The energy can be released by elastic strain, gravity, chemical reactions, or even the motion of massive bodies
3.Mining, dam building, and fracking
4.Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts.
5.A Richter scale is used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake. It measures the intensity on the scale of 1 to 9. While an earthquake measuring 1 on the Richter scale is hardly felt, it damages life and property if it is measured on a scale of 7 or more
6.Earthquakes are very useful to humans because they provide a picture of what's going on underground. This can make oil and gas extraction more efficient, and allows scientists to monitor the progress of water during geothermal energy extraction. ... Earthquakes can also tell us about the internal structure of the Earth.
7.Earthquake environmental effects are the effects caused by an earthquake, including surface faulting, tsunamis, soil liquefactions, ground resonance, landslides and ground failure, either directly linked to the earthquake source or provoked by the ground shaking.
8.examples: Lituya Bay, Alaska, 1958—An earthquake-induced rockslide in 1958 set off a giant wave that trimmed trees to an altitude of 525 m. Sunda Strait, Indonesia, 1883—The explosion of Krakatau triggered a tsunami that killed an estimated 35,000 persons.
9.When a P-wave is detected from two (or more) of the 4,235 seismometers installed throughout Japan, the JMA analyzes and predicts the approximate location of the earthquake's epicenter. ... Areas near an epicenter may experience strong tremors before a warning is issued.
10.The two major seismic belts are the Circum-Pacific Belt, which surrounds the Pacific Ocean, and the Alpide Belt, which stretches from the Azores through the Mediterranean and Middle East to the Himalayas and Indonesia, where it joins the Circum-Pacific Belt
hope it helps u dear
Explanation: