II. Write two examples for the following.
1. Mineral acids
2. Organic acids
3. Alkalis
4. Weak bases
5. Strong bases
Answers
Answer:
Mineral acids - Nitric acid and hydrochloric acid
Organic acids - Citric acid and Acetic acid
Alkalis - Sodium hydroxide and Ammonia
Weak bases - Trimethylamine and Pyridine
Strong bases - Potassium hydroxide and Sodium hydroxide
[II]
1) Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Nitric Acid (HNO3).
=> These acids are obtained from naturally occurring inorganic minerals.
2) Acetic Acid (CH3COOH) and Oxalic acid (HOOC-COOH)
=> These acids are present naturally in different organisms, plants, vegetables and fruits.
=> They contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen in them.
3) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) , Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
=> These are bases that are soluble in water.
4) Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
=> These are sparingly soluble or almost insoluble in water.
=> They undergo partial dissociation in aqueous state and give a low concentration of Hydroxyl ions.
5) Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) and Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
=> These are highly soluble in water.
=> They undergo complete dissociation in aqueous state and give a very high concentration of Hydroxyl ions.