III. Answer the following questions in short:
1. What are natural fibres? Give few examples of it.
2. How do we obtain synthetic fibres?
3. What are different steps involved in processing of wool?
4. What are different types of synthetic fibres and what are they used for?
5. What type of soil and climate are good for growing cotton? Name any two states where cotton is g
Answers
Answer:
natural fiberes are naturally occured from nature
ex silk worm
synthetic fiberes this fiberes are man made and are highly flammable never cook or go near to the fire wearing this clothes
ex rain coat
Answer:
1.Natural fibres can be classified according to their origin. The vegetable, or cellulose-base, class includes such important fibres as cotton, flax, and jute. The animal, or protein-base, fibres include wool, mohair, and silk. An important fibre in the mineral class is asbestos.
2.Synthetic fibres are manufactured using plant materials and minerals: viscose comes from pine trees or petrochemicals, while acrylic, nylon and polyester come from oil and coal. Viscose fibre is obtained from the cellulose; versatility allows imitating materials such as cotton or silk.
3.From Sheep to Wool – Step by Step Process for Wool Production. The different processes involved in wool production are shearing, scouring, grading, dyeing, and drying. The process of removal of the fleece from an animal is called shearing. Sheep are usually shorn annually in the spring/summer months.
4.Synthetic Fibers
Fibres are fine filaments that either occurs naturally or can be synthesized. Synthetic fibres are man-made fibres produced from chemical substances and are used for making clothes and other useful things. These are made by the process of polymerization. Synthetic fibres can either be completely synthetic or semisynthetic. Fibres that are purely synthetic like nylons, polyesters, acrylics are made from chemicals whereas semisynthetic fibres such as rayons are produced with the utilization of natural polymers as raw material.
Types of Synthetic Fibers
Synthetic fibres are of four types, namely:
Rayon
Nylon
Polyester
Acrylic
Rayon
Rayon has properties similar to those of silk.
It is a man-made fibre and cheaper than silk.
It is obtained from wood pulp.
It is infused with cotton or wool to prepare bedsheets and carpets respectively.
It is also known as artificial silk and can be dyed in a wide variety of colours.
Nylon
These are strong elastic and light, lustrous and easy to wash fibres made from water, coal, and air initially.
The fibre is completely synthetic and stronger than steel wire.
It is used to make socks, ropes, toothbrushes, tents, seat belts, curtains, etc.
Used to make ropes for rock climbing and parachutes.
Polyester
Polyester is made up of many units of an ester.
It is suitable for making dress material because it is easy to wash and stays crisp and wrinkle-free.
Terylene is a known polyester.
PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) is used to make many useful products like bottles, utensils, films, wires.
Acrylic
Many sweaters and blankets are not created from natural wool but from a kind of synthetic fibre known as acrylic.
The clothes prepared from acrylic are cheaper and more durable.
Acrylic is more prevalent than natural wool.
However, synthetic fibre melt on heating. If they catch fire, it could be really dangerous. The fabric sticks to the body of the person wearing it. Therefore, one should avoid acrylic clothes while in the kitchen or a laboratory.
5.Cotton are grown in black soil
It's grown in Tamil Nadu and Kerala
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