Image formed by optical instruments such as a plane mirror, convex mirror and a concave mirror can be constructed using simple laws of reflection. Such images are characterized by the following three properties.
(a) Magnified/diminished: If size of image is more than the size of the object then the image is said to be enlarged or magnified.
(b) Real/Virtual: If the reflected rays meet at a point then the image is said to be real. Such real images can be obtained on a screen. When the reflected rays are divergent then we use the geometrical construction of extending the reflected rays backwards so that they these meet at a point. This is then taken as a virtual image.
(c) Erect/inverted: If the head of the object and the image (real or virtual) are along the same direction then the image is said to be erect. If the directions are opposite then the image is said to be inverted.
Object distance, image distance and focal length of a mirror are related by the relation
Magnification of the image formed by a mirror is given by the relation .
Both the relations are general and sign conventions have to be applied as and when required by the situation.
Consider a real object placed on eh principal axis as shown in the figure given below. The segment PQ represents the position and location of an optical instrument (such as a plane mirror, concave mirror or a convex mirror). Both the object and the optical instrument can be moved along the principal axis. identify the wrong statement.
Any real image formed will be inverted.
Any virtual image formed will be enlarged.
A real image formed may be enlarged or diminished.
A virtual image formed may be erect or inverted.
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