Imagine that you were citizen of Frankfurt in Mrach 1848 and were present during the proceedings of the parliament. How would you (a) as a man seated in hall of the deputies, and (b) as a women observing from the gallery relate to the banner of germania hanging from the ceiling?
Answers
Answer:
Q.1 In what way do you think this print (figure 1) depicts a Utopian vision?
Figure 1 depicts a dream of world wise democratic and social republics. It shows many nations which will touch the milestone to become democratic and social republics. It would of course, be an ideal situation. Hence, this figure depicts an utopian vision as it was unlikely to actually exist.
Discuss (Page 4)
Q.2 Summarise the attributes of a nation as Renan understands them. Why, in his view are nations important?
Ernest Renan was a French philosopher. According to him, following are the attributes of a nation:
1. A nation is the culmination of a long past of endeavors, scarifies and devotion.
2. The idea of a nation is based upon the social capita which is the heroic past, great men and glory.
3. Nation is formed of people who have performed great deeds in past and wish to perform more of them.
4. Nation is a large – scale solidarity among its people.
5. In a nation only its inhabitants have the right to be consulted.
6. A nation does not annex or hold onto a control against its will.
According to Renan, nations are important as they guarantee liberty to one and all.
Intext Question (Page 8)
Q.3 How did nationalism and the idea of the national . State emerge?
1. The nationalism and the idea of nation-state emerged among the culturally diverse and regional social groups of the European continuum.
2. With the transformation of Europen society, due to industrialisation, the new middle class emerged.
3. It comprised of labour, working – class population, industrialists, business – men, professionals etc.
4. The educated and liberal population among the middle class, through of uniting the culturally compatible sections of European society.
5. Hence, they thought of nationalism this led to the emergence of the idea of nation – state.
Discuss (Page 10)
Q.4 Describe the political ends that fried rich list hopes to achieve through economic measures.
Professor Friendrich List hopes that economic liberalism and reforms would help in generating national sentiments. These sentiments would be as under :
1. Freedom for individual
2. Equality of all before law
3. Iniolability of private property
4. Concept of government by consent
5. End of aristocracy and clerical privileges
6. A constitution and representative government through parliament.
The economic reform , according to List would beget liberalism.
Activity (Page 11)
Q.5 Plot on a map of Europe the changes drawn up by the Vienna Congress.
Figure
Discuss (Page 11)
Q.6 What is the caricaturist trying to depict?
The caricaturists is trying to depict the true nature of conservative monarchies of the 19th century Europe, which did not allow the ideas of liberalism and individual freedom to flourish. In the picture the club has thinkers but they do not have power to express their thought. This is the right way to depict that the people did not have the freedom of speech or freedom of press.
Discuss (Page 15)
Q.7 Discuss the importance of language and popular traditions in the creation of national identity.
1. The language and popular traditions of a particular region or country give the feeling of shared past, collective and united living to the people.
2. They bind all the people by the thread of togetherness and pride.
3. They give them the feeling of being culturally one hence they perceive the sentiment of being nationally one and united.
Therefore, language and traditions create national identity.
Discuss (Page 16)
Q.8 Describe the cause of the Silesian weavers’ uprising. Comment on the viewpoint of the journalist.
1. The cause of the Silesian weavers’ uprising was lower payments for the job done.
2. Contractors, who gave raw materials and took away finished textiles from the weavers paid very less money for the latter’s services.
3. When the weavers asked for their dues, the contractors beat them to the hell. This led to the logical agitation and uprising by weavers against contractors.
4. The view point of the journalist that the misery of the workers is extreme and contractors take their unauthorized advantage is totally logical and acceptable.
REQUEST: PLZ MAKE MY ANS BRAINLY