Question

Impact velocity modelling and signal processing of spur gear vibration for the estimation of defect size

Answer 1

he term Renaissance literally means to be born again, which is the reason why it is referred to as a rebirth. The word rebirth regarding the Renaissance can mean two different things: one refers to the rediscovery of ancient classics and its applications in art and science, and another could simply mean the revitalization of European culture. Thus, when someone talks about the Renaissance, it could mean any of the two. Also, the word renaissance has been used to describe other periods of cultural rebirth as well, such as the Carolingian Renaissance. The Carolingian Renaissance, which takes the former meaning of the word renaissance, describes a time period of academic and cultural awakening starting from the eighth to the ninth century, in which there was a boost in literature and the arts, similar to the Italian Renaissance. However, different was that in the Carolingian Renaissance, the changes from the cultural revival were completely limited to the clergy, and thus did not have wide-ranging and long-lasting social movements, which may be why historians argue whether this was really a renaissance. The Italian Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in Florence, Italy and later spread throughout the countries of Europe from the fourteenth to seventeenth centuries; this time period is seen as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern Era. This time period meant a change in various areas: a shift of monetary power from the nobles to plain citizens, a newfound interest in learning, the advancement of linear perspective in art, and an eventual widespread educational reform.