impedance measurement
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The aim of impedance spectroscopy is to characterize the electrical properties of devices or materials by the impedance function Z*(ω). It is defined by the ratio of the voltage between two electrical ports of a sample object and the resulting current through the ports.
Voltage: U(t)*(ω):= U0cos(ωt) =Re
Current: I(t)*(ω):= I0cos(ωt+φ) =Re
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Impedance is calculated by dividing the voltage in such a circuit by its current. In short, impedance can be described as limiting the flow of current in an AC circuit. Impedance is indicated by the symbol “Z” and measured in ohms (Ω), the same unit used to measure DC resistance.
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