Question

impediments to the growth of science in india

Answer 1

Poor Quality of Primary /Secondary schools . While Govt encouraged Private players to quickly expand the reach across towns and villages , we got very badly equipped schools with badly educated /badly trained teachers .In many schools , the teachers are paid less than illiterate contract workers many of them at least get Govt mandated minimum wagesThe whole focus of the schools is to manufacture students with lot of stuffed information who can just repeat what has been crammed in their minds to for predictable questionsWhile Teaching itself is bad , Teaching of Science is worseThe students can’t /don’t ask questions , Teachers are not patient enough to make the concepts very clear , there are no discussions , majority of the schools not having the laboratories , even if they have , the students are shown the experiments , not being made to carry out experiments individuallyParents are more worried about whether their ward gets 90 % or 99 % , but not what he learns , whether he enjoys the school experience , whether they are developing scientific temper or notAs the students grow , the preparation for competitive examinations start , some even start at 8th standard . The focus is on getting into Engineering or medical collegesVery few excellent students think of basic sciences for higher education. Even if some students desire to do so , their parents normally don’t suportSo in general , not so good students /good but reluctant students pass through average Science colleges /Universities , earn PG/PhD and get back to teaching Science /MathsThe whole concept of University encouraging inter-disciplinary interactions for Science & Technology is weakenedIndustry is more dependent on imported technology . Industry in general sends less on R & DIndependent Research Institutions , mostly run by Govt , are not able to attract the best TalentThe Whole Eco-system which enables Universities - Research Institutions - Industry to work closely to link Basic Sciences , technology and applications of technology is missing in IndiaWith a weak /almost non-existent Eco-system , the best of the Talent looks for better opportunities for science /technology overseas , or even if they stay back in India , outside the science field

Answer 2

Impediments of growth of Science in India – By the end of the eighteenth century, Indian society had become very complex. Hence it is difficult to discuss even one aspect of it, that of science, as it arose from this society and contributed to it, without over-simplifying. However, if simplification makes sense and does not distort the picture, it is a good thing, because it gives us an overview which helps in understanding the interaction between science and society.

What may have struck you from the brief presentation given here is that Indian science was at the same level as science anywhere else in the world In particular, it was at the same level as European science, upto about the middle of the sixteenth century. But, then European science took big strides forward and left Indian scienceway behind in the period that followed.

Impediments of growth of Science in India 

In fad, the British were able to subjugate this country, and make it their colony, on the basis of science, technology and industry which had developed there. The question that naturally arises is what the difference between Europe of sixteenth century and India of that period was. If you get interested in pursuing the question, you would probably have to read history in depth. However, to put it simply, the difference in the two societies was in their social structure, in the degree of the hold of religious orthodoxy, and the intellectual atmosphere. Let us explain what we mean.

We have seen that one kind of pressure for advancing knowledge and technology comes from the necessity of satisfying human needs. There is an old saying that necessity is the mother of invention. Well, it appears that in spite of periodic wars between the rulers of various regions and states in the country, there was a very considerable stability in Indian society.

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