Question

importance of crossing over in meiosis

Answer 1

It occurs during meiosis. Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome segments between non-sister chromatids during the production of gametes. The effect is to assort (shuffle) the alleles on parental chromosomes, so that the gametes carry combinations of genes different from either parent.

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Answer 2

●Crossing over helps to bring about random shuffling of genetic material during the process of gamete formation. This results in formation of gametes that will give rise to individuals that are genetically distinct from their parents and siblings.
● This genetic variation is required to increase the ability of a population to survive. A greater genetic diversity would reduce the chances of inheritance of deleterious traits in the population, and therefore, help increase the fitness of the individuals of a population.
● An increased genetic variation would also mean a greater variation in susceptibility to diseases. So, if there were to be an epidemic of a disease, this variability would prevent the whole population from being wiped out.
● Another benefit of genetic variation is that some traits that would increase an individual's ability to survive may be introduced in the population.

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