importance of stereochemistry in agriculture?
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Biological importance of stereochemistry
Stereochemistry may seem like a trivial subject because differences between stereoisomers are usually subtle. In nature, however, and most importantly, in biological systems such as the human body, these subtle differences have sweeping implications. Most drugs for example, are often composed of a single stereoisomer of a compound, and while one stereoisomer may have positive effects on the body, another stereoisomer may be toxic. Because of this, a great deal of work done by synthetic organic chemists today is in devising methods to synthesize compounds that are purely one stereoisomer.
Shown below, for example, is the binding of Ibuprofin, a common pain reliever. While one stereoisomer of the compound has the right three-dimensional shape to bind to the protein receptor, the other does not and can not bind, and is therefore ineffective as a pain reliever.
Stereochemistry may seem like a trivial subject because differences between stereoisomers are usually subtle. In nature, however, and most importantly, in biological systems such as the human body, these subtle differences have sweeping implications. Most drugs for example, are often composed of a single stereoisomer of a compound, and while one stereoisomer may have positive effects on the body, another stereoisomer may be toxic. Because of this, a great deal of work done by synthetic organic chemists today is in devising methods to synthesize compounds that are purely one stereoisomer.
Shown below, for example, is the binding of Ibuprofin, a common pain reliever. While one stereoisomer of the compound has the right three-dimensional shape to bind to the protein receptor, the other does not and can not bind, and is therefore ineffective as a pain reliever.
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phytotoxins can cause extensive—and in some cases devastating—damage to agricultural crops, they can also represent an important tool to develop natural herbicides when produced by fungi and plants to inhibit the growth and spread of weeds. An alternative strategy to biologically control parasitic plants is based on the use of plant and fungal metabolites, which stimulate seed germination in the absence of the host plant. Nontoxigenic fungi also produce bioactive metabolites with potential fungicide and insecticide activity, and could be applied for crop protection. All these metabolites represent important tools to develop eco-friendly pesticides.
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