Important points related to ecosystem (in points maximum 4
short points)
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Ecosystem, the complex of living organisms, their physical environment, and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space.
A brief treatment of ecosystems follows. For full treatment, see biosphere.
An ecosystem can be categorized into its abiotic constituents, including minerals, climate, soil, water, sunlight, and all other nonliving elements, and its biotic constituents, consisting of all its living members. Linking these constituents together are two major forces: the flow of energy through the ecosystem, and the cycling of nutrients within the ecosystem.
energy flow in ecosystems
energy flow in ecosystems
Understanding energy flow in ecosystems.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The fundamental source of energy in almost all ecosystems is radiant energy from the Sun. The energy of sunlight is used by the ecosystem’s autotrophic, or self-sustaining, organisms. Consisting largely of green vegetation, these organisms are capable of photosynthesis—i.e., they can use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple, energy-rich carbohydrates. The autotrophs use the energy stored within the simple carbohydrates to produce the more complex organic compounds, such as proteins, lipids, and starches, that maintain the organisms’ life processes. The autotrophic segment of the ecosystem is commonly referred to as the producer level.
Organic matter generated by autotrophs directly or indirectly sustains heterotrophic organisms. Heterotrophs are the consumers of the ecosystem; they cannot make their own food. They use, rearrange, and ultimately decompose the complex organic materials built up by the autotrophs. All animals and fungi are heterotrophs, as are most bacteria and many other microorganisms.
. Ecosystems are made up of soil, sunlight and heat, water, and living organisms which include plants, animals, and decomposers.
. Living organisms within an ecosystem interact in many ways including predation, cooperation, competition and symbiosis.
.Healthy ecosystems clean our water, purify our air, maintain our soil, regulate the climate, recycle nutrients and provide us with food.
They provide raw materials and resources for medicines and other purposes. They are at the foundation of all civilization and sustain our economies.
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