Chemistry, asked by kanchi804, 1 year ago

important questions on carbon amd its compounds class 10 ​


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Answers

Answered by Anonymous
43

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION [1 Mark] – Year 2007

Question.1 Give the names of the following functional groups:

(i) —OH (ii) —COOH

Ansswer. (i) Alcohol group (ii) Carboxylic acid group

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION [1 Mark] – Year 2008

Question.2 What is the difference in the molecular formula of any two consecutive members of a homologous series of organic compounds?

Answer. —CH2— is the difference in the molecular formula of any two consecutive members of a homologous series of organic compounds.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS[I] [2 Marks] – Year 2008

Question.3

(a) Give a chemical test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

(b) (i) Name the products formed when ethanol burns in air. ‘

(ii) What two forms of energy are liberated on burning alcohol?

(c) Why is the reaction between methane and chlorine considered a substitution

reaction?

Answer.

(a) Why are covalent compounds generally poor conductors of electricity?

(b) Name the following compound:

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-3

(c) Name the gas evolved when ethanoic acid is added to sodium carbonate. How would you prove the presence of this gas?

Answer.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-4

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [1 Mark] – Year 2009

Question.5 Name the carbon compound which on heating with excess of concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K gives ethene.

Answer.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-5

Question.6 What is meant by a sturated hydrocarbon?

Answer. Those hydrocarbons in w hich valency of carbon is satisfied by single bonds only are called sturated hydrocarbons.

Question.7 Name the compound formed when ethanol is warmed with ethanoic acid in the

presence of a few drops of cone.H2S04

Answer.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-6

Question.8 Draw the structure of CH3COOH molecule.

Answer.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science7

Question.9 Draw the structure of ethanol molecule.

Answer.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-8

Question.10 What happens when a small piece of sodium is dropped into ethanol?

Answer. Hydrogen gas will be evolved.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-9

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS[II] [3 Marks] – Year 2009

Question.11 What is meant by a functional group in an organic compound? Name the functional group present in

(i) CH3CH2OH

(ii) CH3COOH

(b) State one point of difference between soap and synthetic detergent.

Answer.

(a) Functional group is an atom or group of atoms or reactive part of compound, which determines chemical properties of compounds.

(i) —OH (Alcohol)

(ii) —COOH (Carboxylic acid)

(b) Soaps do not work well with hard water, detergents work well with hard water.

Question.12 Give reasons for the following observations:

(a) The element carbon forms a very large number of compounds.

(b) Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted when the heated vessels get blackened by the flame.

(c) Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.

Answer.

(a) Carbon forms large number of compounds since carbon is small in size and can form stable covalent bonds (catenation) and it shows tetravalency.

(b) Air holes of gas burner are made open (adjusted) so that air can pass through, which is needed for complete combustion, so that heated vessels do not get blackened.

(c) Some synthetic detergents are non-biodegradable, therefore, cause pollution of water.

Question.13 What is ethanoic acid? Write the formula of the functional group present in this acid.

What special name is given to its 5 – 8% solution in water? How does ethanoic acid react with sodium carbonate? Write a chemical equation of the reaction and common name of the salt produced.

Answer.

carbon-and-its-compounds-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-10


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Answered by anasuyadutta06
51
hey mate helps you
plss mark it as brainliest the carbon compound which on heating with excess of concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K gives ethene.
Answer.

Question.6 What is meant by a sturated hydrocarbon?
Answer. Those hydrocarbons in w hich valency of carbon is satisfied by single bonds only are called sturated hydrocarbons.
Question.7 Name the compound formed when ethanol is warmed with ethanoic acid in the
presence of a few drops of cone.H2S04
Answer.


Question.8 Draw the structure of CH3COOH molecule.
Answer.

Question.9 Draw the structure of ethanol molecule.
Answer.

Question.10 What happens when a small piece of sodium is dropped into ethanol? 
Answer. Hydrogen gas will be evolved.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS[II] [3 Marks] – Year 2009
Question.11 What is meant by a functional group in an organic compound? Name the functional group present in
(i) CH3CH2OH
(ii) CH3COOH
(b) State one point of difference between soap and synthetic detergent.
Answer.
(a) Functional group is an atom or group of atoms or reactive part of compound, which determines chemical properties of compounds.
(i) —OH (Alcohol)
(ii) —COOH (Carboxylic acid)
(b) Soaps do not work well with hard water, detergents work well with hard water.
Question.12 Give reasons for the following observations:
(a) The element carbon forms a very large number of compounds.
(b) Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted when the heated vessels get blackened by the flame.
(c) Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.
Answer.
(a) Carbon forms large number of compounds since carbon is small in size and can form stable covalent bonds (catenation) and it shows tetravalency.
(b) Air holes of gas burner are made open (adjusted) so that air can pass through, which is needed for complete combustion, so that heated vessels do not get blackened.
(c) Some synthetic detergents are non-biodegradable, therefore, cause pollution of water.

Question.13 What is ethanoic acid? Write the formula of the functional group present in this acid.
What special name is given to its 5 – 8% solution in water? How does ethanoic acid react with sodium carbonate? Write a chemical equation of the reaction and common name of the salt produced.
Answer.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS[1 Mark] – Year 2010
Question.14 State two characteristic features of carbon which when put together give rise to large
number of carbon compounds.
Answer. (i) Catenation (ii) Tetravalency of carbon
Question.15 Write the structural formula of chloroethane.
Answer.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS[I] [2 Marks] – Year 2010
Question.16 Write the name and molecular formula of an organic compound having its name suffixed with ‘-ol and having two carbon atoms in the molecule. With the help of a
balanced chemical equation indicate what happens when it is heated with excess of r cone.H2S04.
Answer.


Question.17 Write the names and molecular formula of two organic compounds having functional r group suffixed as ‘-oic acid’. With the help of a balanced chemical equation and explain what happens when any one of them reacts with sodium hydroxide.
Answer.

Question.18 What is a homologous series? Which two of the following organic compounds belong
to the same homologous? 
CH3 ,C2H6, C2H6O, C2H6O2,CH4O      
Answer.      

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUEST10NS[II] [3 Marks] – Year 2010
Question.19 Name the functional group of organic compounds that can be hydrogenated. With the help of suitable example explain the process of hydrogenation mentioning the conditions of the reaction and any one change in physical property with the formation of the product. Name any one natural source of organic compounds that are hydrogenated.
Answer.

When unsaturated hydrocarbons are heated with hydrogen in the presence of nickel as catalyst, saturated hydrocarbons are formed. If the starting unsaturated hydrocarbons are liquids, they will change into solids. Vegetable oils are hydrogenated to form vegetable ghee. Plants are natural sources of vegetable oils which can be hydrogenated.


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