Question

Improper secretion of pituitary produces three important disorders. Name them, also give their cause.

Answer 1

Answer:

Growth hormone (GH) is synthesised and secreted by the somatotroph cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Its actions involve multiple organs and systems, affecting postnatal longitudinal growth as well as protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism. GH hypersecretion results in gigantism or acromegaly, a condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality, while GH deficiency results in growth retardation in children and the GH deficiency syndrome in adults. This article, aimed at non‐paediatric physicians, examines the clinical features, diagnosis, and current concepts in the management of these conditions.

Keywords: growth hormone, acromegaly, growth hormone deficiency, hypopituitarism

Growth hormone (GH) is an anabolic hormone that is synthesised and secreted by the somatotroph cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It is a member of the GH gene family, which includes prolactin and the placental lactogens. Using x ray crystallography, the three dimensional structure of human GH has been shown to consist of two disulfide bridges, four α‐helices arranged in an “up‐up‐down‐down” topology, and three shorter connective helices.1

Answer 2

Answer:

1.Dwarfism

2.Gigantism

3.Acromegaly

Explanation:

Dwarfism comes due to deficiency of the pitutary harmone (growth harmone)

in children

Gigantism is due to hypersecretion  of growth harmone(also known as somatotropin) in children

whereas Acromegaly is seen in the case of adults due to hypersecretion of this pitutary harmone