In 100-150 words tell the formation of the Himalayas
Answers
The Himalayas are the youngest mountain chain in the world.
HHimalayan mountains have come out of a great geosyncline called the Tethys Sea and the uplift has taken place in different phases.
During Permian Period (250) million years ago, there was a supercontinent known as Pangaea.
Its northern part consisted of present-day North America and Eurasia (Europe and Asia) which is called Laurasia or Angaraland or Laurentia.
The southern part of Pangaea consisted of present-day South America, Africa, South India, Australia, and Antarctica. This landmass was called Gondwanaland.
In between Laurasia and Gondwanaland, there was a long, narrow, and shallow sea known as the Tethys Sea (all this was explained earlier in Continental Drift Theory).
Many rivers were flowing into the Tethys Sea (some of the Himalayan rivers were older than the Himalayas themselves).
Sediments were brought by these rivers and were deposited on the floor of the Tethys Sea.
These sediments were subjected to powerful compression due to the northward movement of the Indian Plate. This resulted in the folding of sediments.
An often-cited fact used to illustrate this process is that the summit of Mount Everest is made of marine limestone from this ancient ocean.
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