In 2017, the Walk Free Foundation partnered with researchers at the Leiden Asia Centre and the Database Center for North Korean Human Rights (NKDB) in an effort to learn more about the hidden reality regarding forced labour and other forms of modern slavery inside North Korea. As it is not possible to directly survey or otherwise collect data within North Korea, the research involved undertaking interviews with 50 defectors from North Korea who are living in South Korea.
Of the 50 people interviewed, all but one described situations they had been subjected to while living in North Korea that meet the international legal definition of “forced labour.” In this sample, three key typologies of modern slavery emerged. First, repeated mobilisation by the government of children, and later adults, through mandatory, unpaid “communal labour” in agriculture, road building, and construction.
For children, this might involve daily work in agriculture, or a month of work at harvest time. The schools, and not the children, received payment for the work. If children did not participate, they would later be punished and criticised within the school itself. Participation could be avoided through paying bribes.
For adults, communal labour involved being mobilised for “battles” in which workers are sent to work for 70 or 100 days in a row. The penalty for refusal is a cut in food rations or the assessment of taxes.
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
What is one way to do survey to get insights of North Korea?
What was the common answer of all people who were interviewed?
What is the condition of children in North Korea?
What is the condition of adult of North Korea?
Give one value judgement from source 2 about the practices of North Korea.
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