in a cricket match why does a players over his hand slightly while catching the ball
Answers
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Because of Newton's second law of motion, which says that the force exerted by a body is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum of the body.
Here the body is the ball. Before hitting the cricketer hand the ball was travelling with speed v and after hitting his hand, if the speed reduces to zero in very less time, then rate of change of momentum will be very high. Thus , the force exerted on the hand will also be very high. Therefore, the cricketer lowers his hand, thus reducing the speed of the ball slowly to zero instead of immediately reducing it to zero. This decreases the rate of change of momentum and hence the force exerted on his hand is also decreased, thus it saves his hand from getting hurt.
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When a ball comes to a fielder, it comes with some velocity. Let m be the mass of the ball. So the total momentum of the ball would be m*v.
Now, when the ball reaches the fielder, it hits his hands with some impulse. Impulse is the amount of force on a body applied for a moment of time. Let F be the force and dt be the time for which the force is applied. Then impulse
I= F*dt.From Newton’s laws of motionF=m*a where m is the mass and a is the acceleration due to gravity.F=m*dv/dtF*dt=m*dvSo to reduce the force with which the ball hits the hands of a fielder, the change in velocity of the ball should be spread over a period of time. Thus, by foloowing the ball down, a fielder reduces the velocity slowly. By this, the fielder avoids any injuries.
I would like to add another example of Impulse and momentum with this.
When a person falls from a building on a heap of sand, he escapes with lesser injuries when compared to ground. This is the same situation where in the impact is spread over a period of time to reduce the amount of force on body.
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