Question

IN A HYDROGEN ATOM , AN ELECTRON REVOLVE AROUND A PROTON . WHICH OF THESE TWO EXERT GREATER ELECTROSTATIC FORCE ON EACH OTHER ?

Answer 1

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Electrostatic force follows Newton's 3rd law of Motion. That means, the force that the proton exerts on the electron, that much force is exerted by the electron on the proton.

Now just think, if any one force would have been larger, say the force exerted by proton on the electron is larger than the force exerted by the electron on the proton, then the net force would have been towards the proton. That's means, the electron would have experienced a larger pull by the proton, as a result of which, the electron would have started moving towards the proton making the atom highly unstable.

$Mathematically; \\ force \: of \: proton \: on \: electron \\ \\ (F) = \frac{kQq}{ {r}^{2} } \\ \\ where \: Q \: is \: the \: charge \: of \: proton \: \\ and \: q \: is \: the \: charge \: of \: electron \\ \\ Similarly \: force \: of \: electron \: on \: proton \\ \\ = \frac{kqQ}{ {r}^{2} }$

Both the forces have same magnitude.

Hence, both the proton and electron exert equal force on each other.