in full describe hybridisation in crops
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Crop yields increase dramatically when hybridization is used to exceed one or more of the parents in size and reproductive potential.
Crop yields increase dramatically when hybridization is used to exceed one or more of the parents in size and reproductive potential.
Plants hybridize much more frequently and successfully than animals do. Pollen from flowering plants disperses widely and may land on flowers of other species. Chromosomal doubling (polyploidy) occurs more frequently in plants and facilitates the fertility of the hybrid offspring. Finally, plant forms are less stringently controlled than animal forms, and so the intermediate form of a plant hybrid is more likely to be physiologically successful.
One of the first persons to study plant hybridization was Josef Kölrueter, who published the results of his experiments on tobacco in 1760. Kölrueter concluded that interspecific hybridization in nature is rare unless humans disturb the habitat. Since that time, many instances of hybridization among various plant species have been documented.
One good example of plant hybridization involves hybridization between the elegant sego lily ( Calochortus selwayensis ) and a mariposa lily ( C. apiculatus ) in western Montana. The sego lily, with purple-spotted petals, lives in dry sites at mid-elevations in the Rocky Mountains under the somewhat open canopy of ponderosa pine forests. The mariposa, with its cream-colored petals, lives in moister sites at higher elevations under the more closed Douglas-fir canopies. Interspecific hybrids between the elegant sego and mariposa lilies are found in great abundance on ski slopes where Douglas-fir canopies have been opened and kept clear of trees and tall shrubs.
The ski slope is a habitat that is too dry and too open for the mariposa to thrive and too moist for the elegant sego, but just right for the hybrids. Such an intermediate habitat is called a hybrid habitat. Human disturbance can generate hybrid habitats of many types and thus can foster interspecific hybridization.
Read more: http://www.biologyreference.com/Ho-La/Hybridization-Plant.html#ixzz5hIVQMrNT
Hybridisation refers to crossing between genetically dissimilar plants.
It may be inter-specific and inter-generic.
This method of hybridisation improves crops with respect to yield, disease resistance, pest resistance etc.
In this technique two crops of desired character are selected & then crossed to obtain a new crop having desired characters of their parental crops.