In iodine test for starch why we are not putting it directly in alcohol rather than putting first in hot water does alcohol not able to break the cell wall and membrane.
Answers
Answer:
Since boiling water destarches the leaf and alcohol removes chlorophyll.
Explanation:
Answer: this details may help you!
Explanation:
Testing leaves for starch: the technique
Demonstration or Class practical
This procedure kills a leaf, disrupts the cell membranes and softens the cuticle and cell walls. This makes it possible to extract the chlorophyll with hot ethanol and also allows the iodine solution to penetrate the cells and react with any starch present.
For each group of students:
Eye protection
Beaker for boiling water, 250 cm3
Forceps, 1
Boiling tube, 1 for each type of leaf used
Anti-bumping granules (optional)
Glass rod
Marker pen
Petri dish
White tile
For the class – set up by technician/ teacher:
Ethanol (IDA) (Note 1)
Kettles of boiling water (Note 2)
OR Electric water baths set at 90 °C containing a boiling tube rack
Iodine in potassium iodide, solution in dropper bottles (Note 3)
Beaker or jar (at least 250 cm3), labelled ‘Waste ethanol’ (Note 4)
Leaves, different types, such as pelargonium (pot geranium) (Note 5)
Health & Safety and Technical notes
Ethanol (IDA), iodine solution and hot liquids require safety precautions to be taken. Wear eye protection.
Read our standard health & safety guidance
1 Ethanol (IDA) – refer to CLEAPSS Hazcard 40A and student safety sheet 60 – is highly flammable (flash point 13 °C) and harmful (because of the presence of methanol). The risks in this procedure are reduced by using hot water from kettles or in water baths rather than heating with a Bunsen burner flame. Some protocols recommend propanol (Hazcard 84A) in place of ethanol, as it removes chlorophyll more effectively. However, it has the additional risk of eye damage, its flashpoint is very similar to that of ethanol (IDA), and it may be more expensive.
2 Kettles are a safer source of hot water than heating with a Bunsen burner because of the presence of flammable ethanol (IDA) in this procedure. Students are familiar with the hazards of using kettles. Consider how to limit the movement of students around the laboratory with kettles or beakers of near-boiling water. Electrically-heated and thermostatically-controlled hot water baths may be a safer alternative.
3 Iodine solution – refer to CLEAPSS Hazcard 54B and Recipe card 39. A 0.01M solution is suitable for starch testing. Make this by 10-fold dilution of 0.1M solution. Once made, the solution is a low hazard but may stain skin or clothing if spilled, and may irritate the eyes.
4 Save the waste ethanol as a source of chlorophyll for future work. Make sure it cannot be tipped over and is in a safe place so it is not a fire hazard.
5 If the teacher or technician snips the leaves from the plants to give to the students, the plants are more likely to survive to be used again. Variegated Pelargonium (pot geranium) are good subjects for this experiment as are Tradescantia and Impatiens (busy lizzie).
6 Ensure that the plants have been well-illuminated for 24-48 hours. In winter, it might be worth using a halogen lamp to ensure the illumination is adequate.
Ethical issues
There are no ethical issues associated with this procedure.
Procedure
SAFETY: Ensure the ethanol is kept away from naked flames. Students should wear eye protection when working with ethanol or iodine solution. Take care with hot liquids. Be aware that plant sap may irritate the skin.
Investigation
a Collect leaves from the plants to be tested.
Use forceps to hold the leaf in a beaker of boiling water to kill it
b At your desk, pour some boiling water from a kettle into a large beaker.
c Using forceps, pick up one of your leaves and hold it in the hot water for about one minute.
d Using forceps, remove the leaf from the boiling water and note how it has changed.
e Drop the leaf into a boiling tube and push it to the bottom with a glass rod. Add some anti-bumping granules (optional). Label this tube with your initials if you will be placing it in a hot water bath.
f Put on your eye protection.
Leaf in a test-tube of boiling ethanol, in a beaker of hot water
g Add enough ethanol to cover the leaf, and stand the boiling tube in your beaker of hot water, or in the hot water bath.
h Watch as the ethanol boils and the green colouring (chlorophyll) is removed from the leaf. This will take a few minutes.
i Replace the hot water with freshly-boiled water from the kettle after 5 minutes if there is still some green colour in the leaf.
j Using forceps, remove the leaf from the boiling tube and rinse the leaf in cold water.