Question

In some countries, preference for son means that girls are disadvantaged from birth, receiving less care and fewer resources than sons do. Every year, about 250,000 girls die because they experience disadvantage relative to boys (United Nations, 1998). Female children aged 1 to 4 are more likely to die than male children in India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. In the countries of Africa and Asia, girls are more likely to die at birth even though infant boys are at a greater risk to die. In Latin America, there is evidence of abnormal sex ratios in Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. Discrimination in the feeding and care of female infants and higher rates of death and malnutrition have been reported in Bolivia, Columbia, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Saudi Arabia. The UN believes that this is because of better nutrition, health care, and support that male children receive. Female (killing of female infants) is also a contributing factor in some cases. Preference for son may even lead to discrimination prior to birth in the form of abortion of unborn female child. In China, Taiwan, South Korea, and India. Some parents use ultrasound to determine gender so that female fetuses can be aborted. In India, which children have a greater chance of dying? 
Girls 1-4 years of age. 
Unborn female children. 
250,000 girls. 
Infant boys. 

What is main idea of the above passages?
Many girls are unhappy. 
Young girls do not receive the same care as young boys. 
Girls are at a greater risk to die at birth. 
Boys are at a greater risk to die at birth. 

How can gender imbalance be improved? 
By giving the young boys less care and fewer resources. 
By increasing the rate of malnutrition. 
By decreasing female infanticide. 
By outlawing ultrasound. 

“Grandparents’ influence on the moral and religious lives of their grandchildren is strong and enduring,” says Dr. Bengston. “Yet, we don’t pay attention. It’s taken for granted.” Their impact is often greatest and needed when children hit adolescence, says Lisa Miller, a clinical psychologist. That is when relationships become more strained, and life can seem cruel and unfair. If a parent or close friend dies or becomes very ill, thoughtful elders can offer solace and insight. Instinctively, she says, children turn to the most spiritual adult in their life for guidance. “All it takes is one,” she says. “More often than not it is the grandma.” According to the article, in times of need, children often turn to ______ for guidance.
a clinical psychologist 
a parent 
grandparents 
a close friend 

Which sentence or part of a sentence in the 2nd paragraph explains why grandparents’ role in lives of children is ‘strong and enduring’? 
“Thoughtful elders can offer solace and insight.” 
“More often than not it is the grandma.” 
Their impact is often greatest and needed when children hit adolescence.” 
Instinctively, she says, children turn to the most spiritual adult in their life for guidance.” 

According to Dr. Bengston, what do we take for granted? 
The moral and religious lives of children. 
Grandmothers are the most spiritual adults in the life of children. 
When children reach adolescence, their relationships are strained. 
The grandparents - grandchildren relationship. 

Answer 1

1. girls between 1 to 4 years of age 
2. young girls do not receive the same care as young boys. 
3. by decreasing female infanticide. 

1. grandparents 
2. thoughtful elders can offer solace and insight. 
3. the grand parents - grand children relationship