Question

In sweet pea plants, the trait for purple flowers (P) is dominant to the trait for red flowers (p). Similarly, the trait for long pollen (L) is dominant to the trait for round pollen (l). Two heterozygotes are crossed, yielding the following frequencies for the F1 generation: 298 purple long plants; 21purple round plants; 26 red long plants; 88 red round plants.

Use the chi-square test to determine if these results are due to independent assortment. ​

Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

Chi-Squared Tests

Chi-squared tests are a statistical measure that are used to determine whether the difference between an observed and expected frequency distribution is statistically significant

If observed frequencies do not conform to those expected for an unlinked dihybrid cross, this suggests that either:

Genes are linked and hence not independently assorted

The inheritance of the traits are not random, but are potentially being affected by natural selection

Example of Chi-Squared Test Application

The trait for smooth peas (R) is dominant over wrinkled peas (r) and yellow pea colour (Y) is dominant to green (y)

A dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants is performed (RrYy × RrYy)

The following phenotypic frequencies are observed:

701 smooth yellow peas ; 204 smooth green peas ; 243 wrinkled yellow peas ; 68 wrinkled green peas

chi squared one