In terms of physical features (e.g size and shape),how doest these two types of cell differ?
Answers
Answer:
plz metion the cell names or provide us with the picture.... or else how can i provide u with the solution?
Explanation:
Literally meaning to possess a “true nucleus," eukaryotes consist of animals and plants.
Clearly seen under a microscope, the enclosed nucleus separates these cells from prokaryotes; in addition, eukaryotic cells also contain organelles.
Cell Theory
Whether prokaryotes, eukaryotes or protists, four points apply to all types of cells:
All organisms contain one or more cells
All cells come from pre-existing cells
All life functions occur within the boundaries of cells
All cells contain genetic material needed to regulate cell function and pass this information to new cells
German scientists Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann are accredited with the basics of cell theory, which was later expanded by Rudolf Virchow; many other scientists have offered contributions, refining cell theory as the instruments used to study cells advanced over the decades.
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes – Similarities?
Eukaryote VS Prokaryote
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells differ structurally as well as in the way they replicate. However, it’s important to note the chemical similarities – reactions that enable cell life.
Both types of cells use and/or contain:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
All types of cells must make and store energy to survive. Chemical reactions aid in the ability to metabolize food and build proteins; whether autotrophic or heterotrophic, cells need amino acids (proteins) and energy (glucose/ATP) to maintain structure and carry out a range of functions that include cell replication.
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes – Major Differences
Even though at a most elemental level, all cells require the same functions to survive, the significant differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes include structure and replication process.
Most noteworthy is the lack of nucleus in bacteria and archaean – the two types of prokaryote cells.
Prokaryotes:
In addition, the presence of rods, spheres or spirals aid in the identification of the three main types of prokaryotic bacteria.
A circular, easily identifiable dark object in the center of a cell, the nucleus is the first and most important characteristic of a eukaryotic cell. Encompassing three kingdoms: plants, animals and protists; plants and animals are multi-cellular, while protists consist of mostly unicellular plant-like, animal-like and fungus-like cells.
Eukaryotes contain many Organelles - Structures within the Cell
Nucleus – the defining structure, often likened to the “brain" or control center of the cell; the nucleus contains genetic material (DNA and RNA) and also manages the activities of the other organelles within the cell; other aspects include:
Nucleolus – dark area within the nucleus essential to cell division; the area becomes especially dense and dark during rRNA synthesis
Nuclear Envelope – double membrane contains pores that allow for communication between the nucleus and cytoplasm; connected to ER
Chromatin – DNA proteins with a thread-like appearance when the cell is not actively undergoing mitosis or meiosis
Chromosomes – contain genetic information of a cell; formed when chromatin transforms into short, dense coils
Cytoplasm – contained within the plasma membrane of the cell, but outside the nucleus; microfilaments and microtubules aid in the formation of the cytoskeleton
Cytoskeleton – provides shape to the cell through a “criss-cross" arrangement of protein-based filaments secured to the cell membrane; changes in filament tension lend to cell movement; certain cells move via the attachment of microtubules, cilia and flagella to the outer cytoskeleton; also plays a role in the separation of chromosomes during the process of mitosis
Cell Wall – most prominent in plant cells and commonly made of cellulose or chitin; glycocalyx in animal cells make the thin wall more durable and provides a means for cells to connect to each other
Mitochondria – a powerful part of a cell located in sphere-shaped double membrane structures throughout the cytoplasm; the outer layer is smooth, while the inner membrane contains cristae -- a progression of “folds" along the sphere that allow for an incredibly large surface area, while the small inner space (matrix) contains fluid; converts food into energy via aerobic respiration; essential to the production of ATP (energy)
Chloroplast – the plant version of mitochondria; contains chlorophyll and enzymes required for photosynthesis; like mitochondria, chloroplasts possess their own DNA, which it replicates on its own