In the expression W = pE (cos 0O – cos 0j), why is 0Q is taken as n/2 for obtaining expression for the potential energy of electric dipole?
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Answer:
Potential energy of dipole in uniform electric field.
τ
=
p
×
E
work done in rotating dipole by small angle
dw=τdθ
=−pεsinθdθ
The change in potential energy
dU=−dW=pEsinθdθ
If θ→90
o
to θ
o
U(θ)−U(90
o
)=∫
90
o
0
o
Pεsinθdθ
=Pε[−cosθ]
90
0
=−
P
.
E
So
U(θ)=−
P
.
E
Explanation:
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