In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A). (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A). (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. 1. Assertion: Mitochondria and chloroplasts are semiautonomous organelles. Reason: They are formed by division of pre-existing organelles and contain DNA but lack protein synthesizing machinery. 2. Assertion: Plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Reason: Plasma membrane allows some molecules to pass through it more easily than others. 3. Assertion: A plant cell bursts if placed in water. Reason: High turgor pressure causes bursting of plant cells. 4. Assertion: Mitochondria are called ‘powerhouses’ of the cell. Reason: Mitochondria produce cellular energy in the form of ATP. 5. Assertion: A cell swells up when present in a hypotonic solution. Reason: More water molecules enter the cell than they leave.
Answers
Explanation:
(i) (a) Formation of oxygen has lower value of E° than formation of chlorine even then it is not formed because it requires overvoltage.
(i) (a) Formation of oxygen has lower value of E° than formation of chlorine even then it is not formed because it requires overvoltage.(ii) (a) Alternating current is used in the measurement of resistance of electrolyte solution because concentration changes with DC current due to electrolysis.
(i) (a) Formation of oxygen has lower value of E° than formation of chlorine even then it is not formed because it requires overvoltage.(ii) (a) Alternating current is used in the measurement of resistance of electrolyte solution because concentration changes with DC current due to electrolysis.(iii) (a) At equilibrium Ecell = 0 and no current flows.
(i) (a) Formation of oxygen has lower value of E° than formation of chlorine even then it is not formed because it requires overvoltage.(ii) (a) Alternating current is used in the measurement of resistance of electrolyte solution because concentration changes with DC current due to electrolysis.(iii) (a) At equilibrium Ecell = 0 and no current flows.(iv)
(i) (a) Formation of oxygen has lower value of E° than formation of chlorine even then it is not formed because it requires overvoltage.(ii) (a) Alternating current is used in the measurement of resistance of electrolyte solution because concentration changes with DC current due to electrolysis.(iii) (a) At equilibrium Ecell = 0 and no current flows.(iv) 
1. (c)Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Mitochondria is an organelle found in large numbers in most cells. These have their own DNA which can replicate independently, produce its own ribosomes and have the ability for protein synthesis. However, with all these characteristics, mitochondria are called semi autonomous and not completely autonomous as the structure and functioning of mitochondria are controlled by the nucleus of the cell and are dependent on the availability of materials from the cytoplasm. Similarly, like mitochondria, chloroplasts also contain their own DNA and reproduce independently of the nucleus of the cell, but these depend on the nuclear genome for the majority of the protein and enzyme requirements. These are not produced but are inherited by the daughter cells during cell division.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
2.(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion.
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3.(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
4.(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Mitochondria are cell organelles of aerobic eukaryotes. These are site of aerobic respiration, where Krebs' cycle occurs in matrix, while ETS and oxidative phosphorlyation enzymes are located in inner membrane. They are called power houses of cell because they produce energy in the form of ATP. They are the major centres of release of energy in the aerobic respiration.
So, the correct answer is 'Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion'.
5.(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
The cell swells up when endosmosis occurs. Endosmosis is a process in which the water molecules move from outside to the inside of the cell through the cell membrane. This occurs when the solution is hypotonic, i.e., the cell has a lower solute concentration than the surrounding medium.
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