In the nitration of benzene using a mixture of conc. H₂SO₄
and conc. HNO₃, the species which initiates the reaction
is ............ .
(a) NO₂ (b) NO⁺
(c) NO₂⁺ (d) NO₂⁻
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The species which initiates the reaction is NO₂⁺.
Option (C) is correct.
Explanation:
- At first of the reaction, this step takes place because there is a requirement for stronger electrophile.
- For this purpose the nitric acid is considered an activated compound for the nitration of benzene.
- Sulphuric activates nitric acid.
- It produces a strong electrophile nitronium ion NO2+.
- Its has high electrophilicity tends that attacks the benzene ring.
- Electrophillic substitution also takes place by producing nitrobenzene.
Thus the species which initiates the reaction is NO₂⁺.
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