Question

In the past, peasants and workers had participated in revolts against increasing taxes and food for scarcity. But they lacked the means and programmes to carry out full-scale measures that would bring about a change in the social and economic order. This was left to those groups within the third estate who had become prosperous and had access to education and new ideas. The eighteenth century witnessed the emergence of social groups, termed the middle class, who earned their wealth through an expanding overseas trade and from the manufacture of goods. such as woollen and silk textiles that were either exported or bought by the richer members of society. In addition to merchants and manufacturers, the Third Estate included professions such as lawyers or administrative officials. All of these were educated and believed that no group in society should be privileged by birth. Rather, a person's social position must depend on his merit. These ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all, were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau. In his Two Treatises of Government, Locke sought to refute the doctrine of the Divine and absolute right of the monarch. Rousseau carried the idea forward, proposing a form of government based on a social contract between people and their representatives. In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu proposed a division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. This model of government was put into force in the USA, after the thirteen colonies, declared their independence from Britain. The American constitution and its guarantee of individual rights was an important example for political thinkers in France.

Questions

1) Why peasants and workers could not bring social and economic changes in French?
a) They lacked the means and programmes to carry out revolution.
b) They were not educated.
c) They were not prosperous
d) Both a and c

2) Which idea of French society did envisage a society based on freedom and equal

law for all ?

a) A person’s social position must depend on his merit.

b) Division of power between legislative, the executive and Judiciary.

c) No group should be previleged by birth.

d) Both a and c


3) What was an important legacy from the Americans ?

a) Division of power b) Guarantee of individual right

c) American constitutions d) Both b and c


4) Which philosopher sought to refute the doctrine of Divine ?

a) Mira bieu b) John Locke

c) Abbe Sieyas d) Jean Jacques Rousseau


5) The 18th century witnessed the emergence of which social group.

a) Prosperous people

b) Educated people

c) Middle class people

d) Professional such as lawyers, adminstrative officials etc.

6) Against which ruler did the peasants and workers revolt.

a) Louis XVI b) Robespierre c) Napaleon d) All of the above

PLS Answer Fast and Correct to get Brainlisted ​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Option D :- Both a and c

2. Option D :- Both a and c

3. Option Option D is again correct :- Both B and C because it is written in last line.

4. Option B :- John Locke

5. Option C :- Middle Class People

6. Option A :- Louis XVI

Please mark my answer as brainliest if you found it helpful to you.