in the present time joint families are disintegrating and becoming unitary single family.write five causes of converting joint family into single family
Answers
In a single family the children have space...i.e they r independent
Some of the causes of disintegration of joint family system in India are as follows:
Causes of Disintegration of Joint Family:
The causes responsible for the disintegration of the joint family system are as follows.
1. Industrialisation:
With the advent of the British in India a process of industrialisation started which brought about far-reaching changes in the Indian social and economic life. Industrialisation resulted in the flow of rural population to the urban areas.
People moved from rural areas to urban areas for jobs and a better standard of living breaking their relationships with the joint family. Thus, modern industries shattered the very foundation of joint family system in India.
The geographical mobility of some of the members of joint family has affected the traditional structure of the joint family as well as the relations among the members. Jobs in the factory have freed young men from direct dependence upon their families and from the control of the heads of the households. Hence, industrialisation has created a new socio-psychological setting in which the survival of traditional joint family has become difficult.
2. Urbanisation:
Along with the process of industrialisation, the process of urbanisation has resulted in the weakening of the joint family system in India. Urban population has grown at a faster rate in our country in last few decades.
The result of urbanisation has been the establishment of nuclear families because urban-dwellers choose the nuclear families. Urbanisation has emphasised individuality and privacy which encourage the establishment of independent family units. M.S. Gore has maintained that the urban families show a shift away from joint family norms in their attitudes, role perceptions and their behaviour.
A change in attitude towards joint family is evident among the urban educated persons. In addition, the women who have got gainful jobs seek more freedom in many aspects. Therefore, they try to restrict the kinship ties.
Lous Wirth also believed that the city is not conducive to the traditional type of family life. According to him, the family, as a unit of social life is emancipated from the larger kinship group characteristics of the village and the individual members pursue their own divergent interests in their vocational, educational, religious, recreational” and political life.
3. Education:
Education has affected joint family system in more ways than one. It has brought about changes in attitudes, beliefs, values and ideologies of the people. These changes are visible among both males and females who are educated. Education has also created individualistic attitudes among the educated persons. Hence, education has worked against the maintenance of the joint family system.
I.P. Desai and A.D. Ross have highlighted the role of education against the joint family in two ways. One, by emphasizing individualism, it puts before the people the concept of the type of the family which is contrary to the joint family system, and two, it prepares the people for occupations which cannot be found in their native places. As a result they get themselves separate from the ancestral family and live in areas which provide them the occupations suited to their education. In course of time, these people lose contact with parental family. They imbibe new ways of living and thinking which are inimical to the joint family sentiment.
4. Enlightenment of Women:
The educated Indian women are impressed by the modern family life. They have become conscious of their rights and equality with men. They have started making use of educational and employment opportunities.
Enlightenment of Women
Education and jobs for women have brought about tremendous changes in their status. At present they earn their own living. This gives them a sense of independence. The effect of jobs for women has been towards equality. Thus, the rises in the status of women and their economic independence have adversely affected the joint family system.
5. The Impact of Western Culture:
The impact of Western culture can be seen in many ways. First it resulted in the ideals of liberty and equality. Second, it resulted in individualism. Third, it resulted in materialism. As a combined result of this Western influence, the old and traditional Hindu values underwent tremendous changes and the very nature of joint living was affected.