In the year 2016, amishap took place near Mahadin the Raigad districtof Maharashtra. The 106 years old British-era bridgeover the Savitri River collapsed into the river. Two buses carrying 22 people went missing after being swept away by the river. Navy divers, helicopter of Coast Guard began the rescue operation of the affected area. A 300 kg magnet was lowered into the swollen Savitri Riverby the rescue team. Whydo you think the huge magnet was lowered into the river?
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It was a 26/11 200 years ago when guns boomed in Nagpur. The roads where Metro rail would soon zoom past in the coming days, the Sitabuldi Fort and the entire area stretching up to today’s Amravati Road were witness to the event which was a turning point in the city’s history. The ‘Battle of Sitabuldee’, which took place on November 26 and 27, 1817, was fought between Appasaheb Bhonsle, the Maratha King of Nagpur or then Nagpore, and the British East India Company.
Alliances were forged cutting across religious lines, a liberal social fabric seen in the city even today. The British managed to defeat what they claim was a ten-time stronger army of the King.
Appasaheb made an attempt to throw off the British yoke but apparently failed miserably. On his side were 2,000 Arab mercenaries who had almost clinched victory for their master who was unfortunately betrayed by his own people. It was a daring attempt unmindful of his personal safety by young Captain Fitzgerald which changed the tide of the battle.
The steadfastness of the Arabs left even their foes impressed. In what may throw light on a new aspect in international politics those days, TOI came across digitized documents of the mid-1800s which had a stray mention of Appasaheb trying to forge an alliance with Russians. He was parleying with the King of Turkey to allow Russians to enter India through his dominions. A similar gesture was made towards the Portuguese too.
Appasaheb’s defeat paved way for the final annexation of Nagpur into the British Empire in 1854.
In 1817, there was no Sitabuldi fort but just two hillocks where the British forces made their battle positions. Historians mention that the British could easily occupy the safe positions without any opposition which indicated treachery within the King’s army. Bakabai, the widow of Raghuji Bhonsle II who was the earlier king, is known to have sided with the British.
The Nagpur state had entered into subsidiary alliance treaty with British before Appasaheb took over. This entailed payment of a periodical amount to the East India Company which had the rights to place its forces here. Appasaheb took over in April 2014 after Parsoji (Raghuji’s son) died. He was not happy with the treaty and wanted to end British dominance.
On November 24, he took out a procession till Sakkardhara wearing a ceremonial robe meant for the chief of the Maratha army. It was given by the Peshwa in Pune. This was not only a show of defiance but also an oblique declaration of independence. In a day, both the sides were ready for a showdown.
The first shot was fired from the Arab contingent on the evening of November 26 and thus began the ‘Battle of Seetabuldee’.
“The fire of the Arabs was well replied by the English guns on the hills. Captain Lloyd was in charge of the bigger hill. Captain Saddler was killed by a shot while he was defending the small hill. On the morning of 27th, the Bhonsale forces approached the hill. The smaller hill was attacked and occupied. The English were in a confused state. The Arabs were preparing to launch an attack on the bigger hill.
“The English would have lost the battle but for the brave and spirited attack of Captain Fitzgerald. Fitzgerald's determined onslaught pushed the Marathas back and they broke in all directions. This infused new spirit in the English soldiers who were drooping from fatigue. A combined attack of the cavalry and infantry finally won the day for the English,” says a British account.
There is a folklore of a cannon ball fired from Starky point behind Vayusena Nagar flying close to Sitabuldi during the battle.
“The King’s general Manbhat Upadyay and his Arabs soldiers really fought well bringing victory within easy reach for the Marathas,” reads the British description of the battle.
City historian BR Andhare, in his book ‘Nagpur ke Bhonsle’, too describes the battle scene vividly. “The Arabs were positioned on the side where the railway station is located. They were led by Upadhyay. The present day Old Morris College, which was the British residency, was surrounded by the Marathas. There was another contingent of British forces at Telanghkhedi,” he says in the book.