Question

In what circumstances gandhiji decided to start on launch of civil disobedience movement

Answer 1

The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, popularly known as the Rowlatt Actand also known as the Black Act, was a legislative act passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in Delhi on March 18, 1919, indefinitely extending the emergency measures of preventive indefinite detention, incarceration without trial and judicial review enacted in the Defence of India Act 1915during the First World War. It was enacted in light of a perceived threat from revolutionary nationalist organisations of re-engaging in similar conspiracies as during the war which the Government felt the lapse of the DIRA regulations would enable.[1][2][3][4][5]

Passed on the recommendations of the Rowlatt Committee and named after its president, British judge Sir Sidney Rowlatt, this act effectively authorized the government to imprison any person suspected of terrorismliving in the Raj for up to two years without a trial, and gave the imperial authorities power to deal with all revolutionary activities

Answer 2

Answer:

Ans. 1. Worried by the developments, the colonial government

begin arresting the Congress leaders one by one.

2. This lead to violent clashes in many places.

3. Abdul Gaffar Khan was arrested in Peshawar in 1930. The Angry

crowd demonstrated in the streets of Peshawar. Many were killed

in the police firing.

4. A month later Mahatma Gandhi himself was arrested. After his

arrest in Solapur industrial workers attacked police post, Municipal

buildings, lawcourts and railway stations.

5. A frightened government responded with a policy of brutal

suppression.

6. Peaceful satyagrahis were attacked, women and children were

beaten and about 1 lakh people were arrested.

7. At such a Junction Mahatma Gandhi decided to call off his

movement to avoid bloodshed.