Question

in what ways did Aurangzeb tried to improve the government during his regin?

Answer 1

Abu Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), usually known as Aurangzeb,but also sometimes as Alamgir I (Alamgir means world conqueror), was the ruler of the Moghul Empire from 1658 until 1707. He was and is a very controversial figure in Indianhistory. Unlike his predecessors, Aurangzeb led a remarkably austere and pious life. Strict adherence to Islam and Sharia (Islamic law)—as he interpreted them—were the foundations of his reign. He backed up his faith with action, abandoning the religious tolerance of his predecessors, especially Akbar the Great. During his reign many Hindu temples were defaced and destroyed, and many Indians converted to Islam. This is controversial since the Qur'an forbids forceful conversion (2:256) but Aurangzeb understood Q:5 as justifying, demanding the conversion of non-Muslims on pain of death; "Then, when the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then leave their way free. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful" (Qur’an 9:5).

Aurangzeb for many represents an anti-hero, an example of someone whose rule exacerbated enmity between different peoples and tended to divide person from person. His policies polarized India and may have directly contributed to the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 based on the idea that two incompatible nations existed in India, one Hindu and one Muslim.

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