Question

In what ways was the Buddhist theory of a social contract different from the brahmanical view of society derived from the purusha sukta? write in 100 words​

Answer 1

Answer:

According to the Brahminical view, the society is based upon 4 varnas (4 social categories) which have divine origin. All the elements of the universe, including the 4 varnas have emanated from Purusha, a primeval man. The brahmanas from his mouth, Kshatriyaas from his arms, Vaishyas from his thighs and shudras from his foot. It was hereditary. Brahmanas tried to persuade others and justify their claims by quoting the verse of Purusha Sukta.

On the other hand, the buddhist theory of social contract is mentioned in Suttaka Pitaka. According to it, men lived in harmony with nature with full contentment. However, the greed and anger engulfed it into chaos. Consequently, Men entered into social contract with other men. It then needed a leader to maintain the order. Hence, the institution of kingship was a human creation. In brahminical view the instution was divine and by order of nature. It was rigid and hereditary and non-changeable.