In what ways was the working population in Russia different from other countries in Europe before 1917 ?
Answers
The workers in Russia were different from the workers of the other European Countries in various ways:
The workers of Russia were divided into the various social organizations on the basis of their skill. For instance, metal workers recognized themselves lords among the other workers, as their work required more training and skill than any other occupational worker. Women worker in Russia made up around 31% of the workers but they were paid less than male workers. Some workers formed unions to aid members in times of lay-off or financial hardship but such organizations were very few in numbers.
The working population in European countries was a more united lot than those in Russia. Workers in England and Germany formed associations and fought for better living and working conditions. Funds were set up by these Associations to help workers in distress. The workers in European countries were united in their demand for a reduction of working hours and the right to vote. Workers association also supported political parties and ultimately formed political parties themselves. The Labour Party in Britain and a Socialist Party in France are examples of political parties formed by socialists and trade unionists.
In total contrast to the working population in Europe, the Russian workers were not united. Workers were divided on the basis of their occupation. Workers whose jobs needed skill and training considered themselves on a higher plane than the untrained workers. Workers had strong links to the villages they came from and this also caused a social divide among workers. Workers’ associations rose dramatically in Russia also, as in Europe. They demanded reduced working hours and higher wages. The workers were suppressed by the government.