Question

in which form the traits are transferred from parent to the offspring mention the two process that is essentially occur in sexual reproduction how the number of chromosomes are retained in a species​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Organisms with multiples of the basic chromosome set are called euploid. We learned in earlier chapters that familiar eukaryotes such as plants, animals, and fungi carry in their cells either one chromosome set (haploid) or two sets (diploid). In these species, the haploid and diploid states are both cases of normal euploidy. Organisms that have more or less than the normal number of sets are aberrant euploids. Polyploids are individual organisms in which there are more than two chromosome sets. They can be represented by 3n (triploid), 4n (tetraploid), 5n (pentaploid), 6n (hexaploid), and so forth. (Recall that the number of sets is called the ploidy or ploidy level.) In essentially diploid taxa, an individual organism with only one chromosome set (n) is called a monoploid to distinguish it from species in which all individuals are normally haploid

Monoploids

Male bees, wasps, and ants are monoploid. In the normal life cycles of these insects, males develop parthenogenetically from unfertilized eggs. However, in most species, monoploid individuals are abnormal, arising in natural populations as rare aberrations. The germ cells of a monoploid cannot proceed through meiosis normally, because the chromosomes have no pairing partners. Thus, monoploids are characteristically sterile. (Male bees, wasps, and ants bypass meiosis; in these types, gametes are produced by mitosis.)

Polyploids

In aberrant euploids, there is often a correlation between the number of copies of the chromosome set and the size of the organism and its component parts. For example, typically a tetraploid organism looks very similar to its diploid counterpart in its proportions, except that the tetraploid is bigger as a whole and in its component parts. The higher the ploidy level, the larger the size