Question

in which of the following bond angle is maximum : a. Nh3 b. Nh4+ c.pcl3 4.scl2

Answer 1

The bond angleis maximum in NH4+ as it has bond angle as 109.5°

In NH3 it is 107°.

In PCl3 it is 109°.

In SCl2 it is 109.5°

Hope it helps!

Answer 2

Answer : $NH_4^+$ has the maximum bond angle.

Explanation :

Formula used  :

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}[V+N-C+A]$

where,

V = number of valence electrons present in central atom

N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom

C = charge of cation

A = charge of anion

First we have to determine the hybridization of the following molecules.

(a) $NH_3$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [5+3]=4$

The number of electrons is 4 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are three atoms around the central nitrogen, the fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be trigonal pyramidal and the bond angle will be, $107^o$

(b) $NH_4^+$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [5+4-1]=4$

The number of electrons is 4 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral and the bond angle will be, $109.5^o$

(c) $PCl_3$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [5+3]=4$

The number of electrons is 4 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are three atoms around the central phosphorous, the fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be trigonal pyramidal and the bond angle will be, $107^o$

(d) $SCl_2$

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [6+2]=4$

The number of electrons is 4 that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are two atoms around the central sulfur, the third and fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be bent and the bond angle will be, $104^o$

Hence, $NH_4^+$ has the maximum bond angle.