increasing
the velocity of the forward redelili
decreasing
ciation
Chemical equilibrium is dynamic in nature because
both forward and backward reactions occur at all times with same speed
(a)
the concentration of reactants and products are constant but different
the concentration of reactants and products become same at equilibrium
the equilibrium is maintained rapidly
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
When a system is at equilibrium it looks as if nothing is going on: no change in macroscopic properties. At a microscopic level there is still a lot going on. Reactants are becoming Products in the forward reaction and Products are becoming Reactants in the reverse reaction.
The simple version of this system can be represented as:
Reactants = Products
Equilibrium is defined as the point in time when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction:
Rate(f) = Rate(r).
The equilibrium constant is calculated by taking the ratio of the concentration of the participants:
Keq = [products]/[reactants]
Messing with a system at equilibrium introduces what chemistry is all about: the ability to predict the outcome of an event before it happens. A French chemist named Henry Louis Le Chatelier (1850 - 1936) figured this out. His principle states:
If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the change and re-establish equilibrium.
The change in condition can be all the usual suspects: concentration, temperature and pressure.
Take concentration for example: if you increase the concentration of a reactant or product participant in an equilibrium, the system will absorb some of the added material and given some time the system will reestabish equilibrium. The interesting part here is that when you recalculate Keq, you get the same value. Hence the term Equlibrium Constant. Knowing this allows us to predict changes in concentration of the players in a dynamic equlibrium when one of the participants changes.
Missing in most simple chemical equations is the heat term. All chemical reactions are either endo or exothermic. This means heat is a player in the system.
Reactants + heat = Products… Endothermic
Reactants = Products + heat… Exothermic
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