india's journey to space full paragraph
english class 11
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Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has come a long way since its formation on August 15, 1969. From launching small rockets of just 30-70 kg payloads to carrying 4,000 kg payloads to the outer space, ISRO has much to celebrate when it comes to space achievements. India's space journey began after Dr Vikram Sarabhai formed Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) in 1962, a time when 'space' as scientific field had emerged as the next frontier for human race. At that time, the United States and Soviet Union were leading the space dominance. In 1969, INCOSPAR was renamed as ISRO (Indian Space Research organisation). ISRO was formed with a vision to "harness space technology for national development while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration". Here's a look back at key events, including some of the hits and misses in India's space journey.
Oct 22, 2008
ISRO sent an unmanned lunar orbiter, Chandrayaan-1, into orbit. The spacecraft was orbiting around the Moon at a height of 100 km from the lunar surface for chemical, mineralogical and photo-geologic mapping of the Moon. The spacecraft carried 11 scientific instruments built in India, USA, UK, Germany, Sweden and Bulgaria. After the successful completion of all the major mission objectives, the orbit has been raised to 200 km during May 2009. The satellite made more than 3,400 orbits around the moon and the mission was concluded when the communication with the spacecraft was lost on August 29, 2009.
Sep 09, 2012
ISRO's 100th space mission was successfully launched using PSLV-C21 rocket. It also placed two foreign satellites into the earth's orbit
Nov 5, 2013
India launched Mars Orbiter Mission on 5 November 2013 and entered Mars' orbit on 24 September, 2014, making India the first nation to succeed on its maiden attempt to Mars. ISRO beceme the fourth space agency in the world, as well as the first space agency in Asia, to reach the Mars orbit.
Feb 15, 2017
On 15 February 2017, ISRO launched 104 satellites in a single rocket (PSLV-C37), a world record. ISRO launched its heaviest rocket, Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle-Mark III (GSLV-Mk III), on 5 June, 2017 and placed a communications satellite GSAT-19 into the orbit
Nov 14, 2018
ISRO successfully launched GSAT-29 satellite from Sriharikota, the heaviest satellite weighing at 3,423 kg aims at providing better communication for remote areas of country.
Jul 22, 2019
On 22 July, 2019, India launched GSLV-Mk III, India's second moon mission 'Chandrayaan-2'. Chandrayaan-2 is India's first space mission that will conduct a soft landing on the moon's south polar region. The mission will make India 4th country to soft land rover on the surface of the moon after Russia, America and China.
ISRO's misses
Aug 10, 1979
The first experimental flight of SLV-3, India's first experimental satellite launch vehicle carrying Rohini Technology Payload on August 10, 1979 was partially successful. The satellite, which had a launch mass of 35 kg, contained instruments to monitor the flight performance of SLV-3, the first Indian launch vehicle. However, the satellite could not be placed into its intended orbit.
Apr 10, 1982
A communications satellite INSAT-1A, launched in 1982 for a seven-year mission, was abandoned in 18 months due to a series of failures such as initial problems deploying its antennas, solar array and stabilisation boom.
Mar 24, 1987
A 150 kg satellite carrying scientific instruments SROSS-1 failed to reach Earth's orbit. The satellite was launched onboard the first developmental flight of ASLV (Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle).
Oct 4, 1997
INSAT-2D, which was launched on June 4, 1997, became inoperable on October 4, 1997, due to a power bus anomaly and other associated problems.
Jul 10, 2006
India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-F02), with INSAT-4C on board, was launched on July 10, 2006. However, the launch vehicle GSLV-F02 could not complete the mission. The satellite INSAT-4C was the first attempt to launch a heavy communication satellite, which weighed 2.2 tonnes.
Dec 25, 2010
GSAT-5P was the fifth satellite launched in the GSAT series. It was an exclusive communication satellite to further augment the communication services currently provided by the Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system. The satellite weighed 2,310 kg at lift-off. However, GSAT-5P was not placed into orbit as GSLV-F06 could not complete the mission.
Aug 31, 2017
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, in its 41st flight (PSLV-C39), was supposed to launch IRNSS-1H, the eighth satellite of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) into a Sub-Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit. PSLV-C39 had a normal lift-off and all the flight events took place exactly as planned, except heat shield separation. This resulted in satellite separation, occurring within the heat shield resulting in the unsuccessful mission
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