Indian food crops with their geographical features
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Many are there but I don't have enough time
nelson19:
i want about rice , sugarcane, wheat,
Rice
Rice is a tropical crop that can be grown almost throughout the year. It depends on atmospheric moisture and rainfall for irrigation. India is the 2nd largest producer of rice in the world. India has largest area in world under rice cultivation. Productivity is low compared to wheat because Green Revolution primarily boosted wheat production in India. The traditional rice fields are known as paddy fields and require to be flooded with 10-12 cm deep water in the early stages.
Rice is a tropical crop that can be grown almost throughout the year. It depends on atmospheric moisture and rainfall for irrigation. India is the 2nd largest producer of rice in the world. India has largest area in world under rice cultivation. Productivity is low compared to wheat because Green Revolution primarily boosted wheat production in India. The traditional rice fields are known as paddy fields and require to be flooded with 10-12 cm deep water in the early stages.
Wheat
It is the 2nd most important food crop in India. It is a Rabi crop. India stands second in production of wheat worldwide. It is more flexible in terms of climactic and other conditions of growth.
It is the 2nd most important food crop in India. It is a Rabi crop. India stands second in production of wheat worldwide. It is more flexible in terms of climactic and other conditions of growth.
Sugarcane
Sugarcane is an important cash crop. India stands at 2nd position among all countries in the world in its production. Sugarcane crop requires long rainy season of at least 7-8 months. Traditional Sugarcane Production was in North India but it has also shifted to South India. North India Sugarcane are of sub-tropical variety and so have low sugar content. Also sugar factories have to remain shut in winter seasons in North India. South India- Tropical Variety and coastal areas hence
Sugarcane is an important cash crop. India stands at 2nd position among all countries in the world in its production. Sugarcane crop requires long rainy season of at least 7-8 months. Traditional Sugarcane Production was in North India but it has also shifted to South India. North India Sugarcane are of sub-tropical variety and so have low sugar content. Also sugar factories have to remain shut in winter seasons in North India. South India- Tropical Variety and coastal areas hence
have high sugar content and high yield
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Kharif Crops
Sown in June-July when rains first begin (Monsoon crop).
Harvested in September-October.
Requires lot of water and hot weather to grow.
Example: Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Cotton, Groundnut, Jute, Sugarcane, Turmeric, Pulses (like Urad Dal) etc.
Rabi Crops
Sown in October-November
Harvested in April-May.
Requires warm climate for germination of seeds and maturation and cold climate for the growth.
Example: Wheat, Oat, Gram, Pea, Barley, Potato, Tomato, Onion, Oil seeds (like Rapeseed, Sunflower, Sesame, Mustard) etc.
Zaid Crops
Grown between March-June between Rabi and Kharif crop seasons.
Early maturing crops.
Example: Cucumber, Bitter Gourd, Pumpkin, Watermelon, Muskmelon, Moong Dal etc.
Categories of Crops in India
The major crops can all be divided into four main categories depending on their usage.
Food Crops (Wheat, Maize, Rice, Millets and Pulses etc.)
Cash Crops (Sugarcane, Tobacco, Cotton, Jute and Oilseeds etc.)
Plantation Crops (Coffee, Coconut, Tea, and Rubber etc.)
Horticulture crops (Fruits and Vegetables)
Major Crops in India
Now let us look at the major crops in India in detail.
Rice
Wheat
Cotton
Jute
Sugarcane
Tea
Coffee
Spices
India has been known for its spices since ancient times.
Cardamom (Queen of Aromatic Spices) – Assam, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
Pepper (King of Spices) – Kerala
Chillies – Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan
Turmeric – Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
Nutmeg – Kerala
Arecanut – Kerala, Karnataka, Tripura, Assam
Coconut – Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
Cinnamon – Kerala
Clove – Kerala
Ginger – Kerala, Meghalaya, Sikkim
Sown in June-July when rains first begin (Monsoon crop).
Harvested in September-October.
Requires lot of water and hot weather to grow.
Example: Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Cotton, Groundnut, Jute, Sugarcane, Turmeric, Pulses (like Urad Dal) etc.
Rabi Crops
Sown in October-November
Harvested in April-May.
Requires warm climate for germination of seeds and maturation and cold climate for the growth.
Example: Wheat, Oat, Gram, Pea, Barley, Potato, Tomato, Onion, Oil seeds (like Rapeseed, Sunflower, Sesame, Mustard) etc.
Zaid Crops
Grown between March-June between Rabi and Kharif crop seasons.
Early maturing crops.
Example: Cucumber, Bitter Gourd, Pumpkin, Watermelon, Muskmelon, Moong Dal etc.
Categories of Crops in India
The major crops can all be divided into four main categories depending on their usage.
Food Crops (Wheat, Maize, Rice, Millets and Pulses etc.)
Cash Crops (Sugarcane, Tobacco, Cotton, Jute and Oilseeds etc.)
Plantation Crops (Coffee, Coconut, Tea, and Rubber etc.)
Horticulture crops (Fruits and Vegetables)
Major Crops in India
Now let us look at the major crops in India in detail.
Rice
Wheat
Cotton
Jute
Sugarcane
Tea
Coffee
Spices
India has been known for its spices since ancient times.
Cardamom (Queen of Aromatic Spices) – Assam, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
Pepper (King of Spices) – Kerala
Chillies – Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan
Turmeric – Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
Nutmeg – Kerala
Arecanut – Kerala, Karnataka, Tripura, Assam
Coconut – Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
Cinnamon – Kerala
Clove – Kerala
Ginger – Kerala, Meghalaya, Sikkim
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