Indus water treaty was signed to overcome the problems of water distribution” Why does the amount of water in the Indus river system vary during each year?Required to answer. Multi Line Text.
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The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-distribution treaty between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank, to use the water available in the Indus River and its tributaries.[1][2][3][4] The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) was signed in Karachi on 19 September 1960 by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Ayub Khan.[5][1]
Map of the Indus System of Rivers excluding its delta channels and tributaries draining in to Rann of Kutch.
The Treaty gives control over the waters of the three "eastern rivers" — the Beas, Ravi and Sutlej with a mean annual flow of 33 million acre-feet (MAF) — to India, while control over the waters of the three "western rivers" — the Indus, Chenab and Jhelum with a mean annual flow of 80 MAF — to Pakistan.[6] India was allocated about 16% of the total water carried by the Indus system while Pakistan was allocated the remainder.[7][8] The treaty allows India to use the western river waters for limited irrigation use and unlimited non-consumptive use for such applications as power generation, navigation, floating of property, fish culture, etc. It lays down detailed regulations for India in building projects over the western rivers. The preamble of the treaty recognises the rights and obligations of each country in the optimum use of water from the Indus system in a spirit of goodwill, friendship and cooperation. This has not alleviated the Pakistani fears that India could potentially create floods or droughts in Pakistan, especially in times of war.[9][10]