Question

inert pair effect definition

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Answer:

Inert pair effect is the tendency of the elements to form compounds with a valency two lower than the valency of its group. Inert pair was proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927.  

Inert pair effect is seen in element of groups 13 and 14 in the periodic table. Elements in these groups promote an electron from a filled s-level state to an empty p-level.  

Eg. In group 13 elements common oxidation state is +3 and heaviest element thallium more likely creates the compound with elements having +1 oxidation state. Elements in group 14, show both +2 and +4 oxidation states but +2 oxidation state is more stable.