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Atal Bihari Vajpayee (pronunciation [əʈəl bɪhaːɾiː ʋaːdʒpai]; 25 December 1924[1] – 16 August 2018[2]) was an Indian politician who served three terms as the Prime Minister of India: first for a term of 13 days in 1996, then for a period of 13 months from 1998 to 1999, and finally, for a full term from 1999 to 2004. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), he was the first Indian prime minister who was not a member of the Indian National Congress party to have served a full five-year term in office.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg
10th Prime Minister of India
In office
19 March 1998 – 22 May 2004
President
K. R. Narayanan
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Deputy
L. K. Advani
Preceded by
I. K. Gujral
Succeeded by
Manmohan Singh
In office
16 May 1996 – 1 June 1996
President
Shankar Dayal Sharma
Preceded by
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Succeeded by
H. D. Deve Gowda
Minister of External Affairs
In office
26 March 1977 – 28 July 1979
Prime Minister
Morarji Desai
Preceded by
Yashwantrao Chavan
Succeeded by
Shyam Nandan Prasad Mishra
Personal details
Born
25 December 1924
Gwalior, Gwalior State, British India (now in Madhya Pradesh, India)
Died
16 August 2018 (aged 93)
New Delhi, India
Political party
Bharatiya Janata Party (1980–2018)
Other political
affiliations
Janata Party (1977–1980)
Bharatiya Jana Sangh (before 1977)
Alma mater
DAV College, Kanpur (then affiliated with University of Agra)
Profession
Writer, politician, poet
Awards
Bharat Ratna
2015
Padma Vibhushan
1992
Signature
He was a member of the Indian Parliament for over four decades, having been elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house, ten times, and twice to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house. He served as the Member of Parliament for Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh until 2009 when he retired from active politics due to health concerns. Vajpayee was among the founding members of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), of which he was the president from 1968 to 1972. The BJS merged with several other parties to form the Janata Party, which won the 1977 general election. Vajpayee became the Minister of External Affairs in the cabinet of Prime Minister Morarji Desai. He resigned in 1979, and the Janata alliance collapsed soon after. The erstwhile members of the BJS formed the BJP in 1980, with Vajpayee as its first president.
During his tenure as prime minister, India carried out the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998. Vajpayee sought to improve diplomatic relations with Pakistan, travelling to Lahore by bus to meet with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. After the 1999 Kargil War with Pakistan, he sought to restore relations through engaging with President Pervez Musharraf, inviting him to India for a summit at Agra.
He was conferred India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, by the President of India, Pranab Mukherjee in 2015.[3] The administration of Narendra Modi declared in 2014 that Vajpayee's birthday, 25 December, would be marked as Good Governance Day.[4][5] He died on 16 August 2018 due to age-related illness
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg
10th Prime Minister of India
In office
19 March 1998 – 22 May 2004
President
K. R. Narayanan
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Deputy
L. K. Advani
Preceded by
I. K. Gujral
Succeeded by
Manmohan Singh
In office
16 May 1996 – 1 June 1996
President
Shankar Dayal Sharma
Preceded by
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Succeeded by
H. D. Deve Gowda
Minister of External Affairs
In office
26 March 1977 – 28 July 1979
Prime Minister
Morarji Desai
Preceded by
Yashwantrao Chavan
Succeeded by
Shyam Nandan Prasad Mishra
Personal details
Born
25 December 1924
Gwalior, Gwalior State, British India (now in Madhya Pradesh, India)
Died
16 August 2018 (aged 93)
New Delhi, India
Political party
Bharatiya Janata Party (1980–2018)
Other political
affiliations
Janata Party (1977–1980)
Bharatiya Jana Sangh (before 1977)
Alma mater
DAV College, Kanpur (then affiliated with University of Agra)
Profession
Writer, politician, poet
Awards
Bharat Ratna
2015
Padma Vibhushan
1992
Signature
He was a member of the Indian Parliament for over four decades, having been elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house, ten times, and twice to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house. He served as the Member of Parliament for Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh until 2009 when he retired from active politics due to health concerns. Vajpayee was among the founding members of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), of which he was the president from 1968 to 1972. The BJS merged with several other parties to form the Janata Party, which won the 1977 general election. Vajpayee became the Minister of External Affairs in the cabinet of Prime Minister Morarji Desai. He resigned in 1979, and the Janata alliance collapsed soon after. The erstwhile members of the BJS formed the BJP in 1980, with Vajpayee as its first president.
During his tenure as prime minister, India carried out the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998. Vajpayee sought to improve diplomatic relations with Pakistan, travelling to Lahore by bus to meet with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. After the 1999 Kargil War with Pakistan, he sought to restore relations through engaging with President Pervez Musharraf, inviting him to India for a summit at Agra.
He was conferred India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, by the President of India, Pranab Mukherjee in 2015.[3] The administration of Narendra Modi declared in 2014 that Vajpayee's birthday, 25 December, would be marked as Good Governance Day.[4][5] He died on 16 August 2018 due to age-related illness
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